Wikileaks - MCCLIX

189747 1/30/2009 19:35 09STATE6970 Secretary of State UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY VZCZCXRO9634 PP RUEHSK DE RUEHC #6970/01 0301951 ZNR UUUUU ZZH P R 301935Z JAN 09 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO RUEHAD/AMEMBASSY ABU DHABI PRIORITY 3220 RUEHDS/AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA PRIORITY 6712 RUEHAS/AMEMBASSY ALGIERS PRIORITY 2475 RUEHAM/AMEMBASSY AMMAN PRIORITY 0550 RUEHAK/AMEMBASSY ANKARA PRIORITY 6969 RUEHTA/AMEMBASSY ASTANA PRIORITY 1723 RUEHTH/AMEMBASSY ATHENS PRIORITY 4908 RUEHKB/AMEMBASSY BAKU PRIORITY 7944 RUEHBK/AMEMBASSY BANGKOK PRIORITY 7848 RUEHBJ/AMEMBASSY BEIJING PRIORITY 5468 RUEHBW/AMEMBASSY BELGRADE PRIORITY 1528 RUEHRL/AMEMBASSY BERLIN PRIORITY 9249 RUEHSW/AMEMBASSY BERN PRIORITY 5369 RUEHBO/AMEMBASSY BOGOTA PRIORITY 0491 RUEHBR/AMEMBASSY BRASILIA PRIORITY 1396 RUEHSL/AMEMBASSY BRATISLAVA PRIORITY 8713 RUEHBS/AMEMBASSY BRUSSELS PRIORITY 2688 RUEHBM/AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST PRIORITY 0657 RUEHUP/AMEMBASSY BUDAPEST PRIORITY 5763 RUEHBU/AMEMBASSY BUENOS AIRES PRIORITY 5866 RUEHEG/AMEMBASSY CAIRO PRIORITY 9664 RUEHBY/AMEMBASSY CANBERRA PRIORITY 3472 RUEHLM/AMEMBASSY COLOMBO PRIORITY 4764 RUEHCP/AMEMBASSY COPENHAGEN PRIORITY 9782 RUEHDL/AMEMBASSY DUBLIN PRIORITY 0133 RUEHHI/AMEMBASSY HANOI PRIORITY 8537 RUEHHE/AMEMBASSY HELSINKI PRIORITY 1294 RUEHJA/AMEMBASSY JAKARTA PRIORITY 2494 RUEHKI/AMEMBASSY KINSHASA PRIORITY 9133 RUEHKL/AMEMBASSY KUALA LUMPUR PRIORITY 0813 RUEHKV/AMEMBASSY KYIV PRIORITY 9048 RUEHPE/AMEMBASSY LIMA PRIORITY 3886 RUEHLI/AMEMBASSY LISBON PRIORITY 6911 RUEHLJ/AMEMBASSY LJUBLJANA PRIORITY 6055 RUEHLO/AMEMBASSY LONDON PRIORITY 1900 RUEHLE/AMEMBASSY LUXEMBOURG PRIORITY 5325 RUEHMD/AMEMBASSY MADRID PRIORITY 0647 RUEHML/AMEMBASSY MANILA PRIORITY 9549 RUEHME/AMEMBASSY MEXICO PRIORITY 8311 RUEHSK/AMEMBASSY MINSK PRIORITY 0079 RUEHMO/AMEMBASSY MOSCOW PRIORITY 7392 RUEHNR/AMEMBASSY NAIROBI PRIORITY 0456 RUEHNY/AMEMBASSY OSLO PRIORITY 7241 RUEHOT/AMEMBASSY OTTAWA PRIORITY 3772 RUEHFR/AMEMBASSY PARIS PRIORITY 2681 RUEHSA/AMEMBASSY PRETORIA PRIORITY 2695 RUEHRB/AMEMBASSY RABAT PRIORITY 6400 RUEHRA/AMEMBASSY RIGA PRIORITY 0991 RUEHRH/AMEMBASSY RIYADH PRIORITY 0484 RUEHRO/AMEMBASSY ROME PRIORITY 9344 RUEHSG/AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO PRIORITY 0149 RUEHUL/AMEMBASSY SEOUL PRIORITY 9784 RUEHGP/AMEMBASSY SINGAPORE PRIORITY 0084 RUEHSF/AMEMBASSY SOFIA PRIORITY 2559 RUEHSM/AMEMBASSY STOCKHOLM PRIORITY 6636 RUEHTL/AMEMBASSY TALLINN PRIORITY 6815 RUEHSI/AMEMBASSY TBILISI PRIORITY 9622 RUEHTC/AMEMBASSY THE HAGUE PRIORITY 4309 RUEHTI/AMEMBASSY TIRANA PRIORITY 2631 RUEHKO/AMEMBASSY TOKYO PRIORITY 7612 RUEHTU/AMEMBASSY TUNIS PRIORITY 1714 RUEHVI/AMEMBASSY VIENNA PRIORITY 7222 RUEHVL/AMEMBASSY VILNIUS PRIORITY 1641 RUEHWR/AMEMBASSY WARSAW PRIORITY 2897 RUEHWL/AMEMBASSY WELLINGTON PRIORITY 6589 RUEHYE/AMEMBASSY YEREVAN PRIORITY 6645 RUEHVB/AMEMBASSY ZAGREB PRIORITY 2127 INFO RUCNDT/USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 4682 RUEHBS/USEU BRUSSELS RUEHGV/USMISSION GENEVA 5673 RUEHUNV/USMISSION UNVIE VIENNA 4438 RUEHNO/USMISSION USNATO 3899 UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 09 STATE 006970

SENSITIVE SIPDIS

E.O. 12958: N/A TAGS: AORC, CDG, ENRG, KNNP, MNUC, PARM, PGOV, PREL, UNGA, IAEA, NPT SUBJECT: NUCLEAR NONPROLIFERATION TREATY (NPT): BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND REPORTING REQUEST

UNVIE FOR IAEA GENEVA FOR CD DELEGATION USUN FOR POL USNATO FOR POL USEU FOR POL

1. (U) This is an action message; see paras 7-9 below.

2. (U) SUMMARY: The current Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) review cycle continues with a third Preparatory Committee (PrepCom) meeting in May and culminates in a Review Conference (RevCon) in April-May 2010. Various governments and other observers refer to the 2010 NPT RevCon as a milestone for achieving, or at least focusing on, a wide range of nonproliferation and disarmament goals. We expect the 2010 NPT RevCon to grow in priority for the USG in the coming months. With that in mind, the Department is

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providing background information on NPT matters to Embassies and Missions, and requesting relevant reporting from action addressees, whose host governments are most likely to influence the outcome of critical upcoming NPT meetings. Action addressees are requested to provide the names of post and host government POCs on NPT-related issues by February 2, and substantive responses to this demarche request by February 20. END SUMMARY
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Background
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3. (U) The NPT is the primary legal barrier to the global spread of nuclear weapons. Except for the five treaty-defined nuclear weapon states (i.e., the United States, China, France, Russia, and the United Kingdom), NPT Parties renounce nuclear weapons. The Treaty calls for cooperation on the peaceful use of nuclear energy among Parties, while requiring compliance with their NPT nonproliferation obligations. The NPT also commits all Parties, even non-nuclear weapons states, to &pursue

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negotiations in good faith on effective measures relating to(nuclear disarmament.8 One hundred and ninety (190) states ) including all United Nations members except India, Israel, Pakistan, and North Korea ) are NPT Parties. (FYI: North Korea announced it would withdraw from the Treaty in 2003, but some countries question whether its withdrawal is effective. END FYI)

4. (U) Parties convene every five years to review the operation of the Treaty. The next such Review Conference (RevCon) will take place in 2010 at the United Nations in New York City. Each RevCon is preceded by three Preparatory Committee (PrepCom) meetings. The third PrepCom meeting, to be held in May 2009 in New York City, is the near-term focus of our efforts on the NPT. By agreement of Parties in 2000, the third PrepCom in the review cycle has goals that are unique among the three: 1) to agree on an agenda, rules of procedure, and background documentation for the RevCon; 2) to choose a president for the RevCon; and 3) to produce a consensus report containing substantive recommendations to the RevCon. At the 2005 RevCon (the most recent one) and the 2007 PrepCom, certain Parties used the need for consensus on

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the agenda as a means to block substantive discussion on matters they opposed for more than half of the periods of the meetings. The United States hopes that the 2009 PrepCom will be able to resolve procedural issues quickly, so that Parties will have ample time at both the PrepCom and the 2010 RevCon to discuss the critical substantive issues that face the NPT.

5. (SBU) U.S. NPT priorities include:

-- Principles and actions relating to compliance by all Parties, including Iran, with their NPT commitments;

-- Dissuading Treaty violators from withdrawing by making clear the consequences that would result;

-- Urging universal adherence to the Treaty and to safeguards agreements (including the IAEA Additional Protocol);

-- Preventing nuclear terrorism by securing nuclear material;

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-- Expanding cooperation on the peaceful uses of nuclear energy consistent with the NPT,s nonproliferation obligations; and

-- Explaining to other Parties the significant U.S. efforts to reduce reliance on, and quantities of, nuclear weapons and nuclear material for those weapons.

6. (SBU) U.S. objectives at NPT meetings regarding most of these priorities are to achieve suitable language in a consensus document. The issues of NPT noncompliance, nonproliferation in the Middle East, and nuclear disarmament are expected to be particularly contentious at the 2009 PrepCom. Reaching consensus, the usual goal of such meetings, will be a considerable challenge. The requirement for consensus among 190 Parties for nearly any action at NPT review meetings makes it very difficult to take joint action. A consequence is that many of the actions necessary to achieve the Treaty,s objectives must be taken outside the context of the review process. For example, we have sought to address North Korea,s noncompliance and withdrawal from

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the NPT through the Six-Party Talks. In addition to pursuing substantive objectives, such as those listed in para 5, we will seek changes to the procedures for selection of chairs and presidents of NPT meetings, which significantly favor the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), and to the imbalanced scale of financial assessments of member states ) particularly for the United States.
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Action Request
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7. (SBU) Action addressees are requested to: 1) seek information from relevant host government officials and nongovernmental sources - including news media - on the questions listed in para 8 (response requested no later than February 20); 2) provide post views on how best to engage host governments on NPT issues in the coming months; and 3) identify points of contact for posts and host governments for NPT-related issues at least through the end of May 2008 (response requested no later than February 2). Questions in para 8 may be left as a non-paper. In replying to this

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message, posts should identify any previous reporting relaying host government positions on these issues. Note that the Department will use responses from the field to this demarche request to brief new USG policymakers responsible for the NPT and related issues.

8. (SBU) Begin NPT questions:

A. What are the host government,s objectives for the NPT in general, and for the current review process in particular?

B. What policies or actions regarding the NPT does the host government hope to see from the United States?

C. What does the host government believe would represent a successful outcome to the current NPT cycle ending with the 2010 Review Conference? How important is it for Parties to reach consensus on substantive matters?

D. Does the host government believe that NPT parties should take action to address the NPT issues described below? If so, what actions would it support?

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-- Noncompliance with the NPT, e.g., on the part of Iran and North Korea.

-- The prospect of Parties violating and then withdrawing from the Treaty.

-- The lack of NPT universality.

-- The lack of universality of NPT safeguards agreements and the Additional Protocol.

-- The spread of enrichment and reprocessing capabilities to additional countries.

-- Fulfilling the Treaty,s obligation for the fullest possible international cooperation for the peaceful uses of nuclear energy consistent with the Treaty,s nonproliferation obligations.

-- Fulfilling the Treaty,s obligations to pursue negotiations relating to nuclear disarmament.

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-- Transparency on the part of nuclear weapon states with regard to their nuclear weapons forces and policies.

End NPT questions.

9. (U) Please slug replies for the Department (ISN/MNSA), Geneva (CD), UNVIE (IAEA), USUN (POL), USNATO (POL), and USEU (POL). Questions regarding this message may be directed to Scott Davis (ISN/MNSA), who can be reached at davisms@state.sgov.gov, davisms@state.gov, or 1-202-647-1141. CLINTON