For arguments sake lets say Player B continues playing and only spends enough on food to warrant his portion of server costs, while still extracting value from the economy by being skilled.

If 10-15 Player B's exist and there is no Player A to offset their c, won't this create a deficit in the resource pool as what has been accumulated in Eulora-verse approaches zero?

Now the resources pool is 10 BTC richer, and on top of that A has done his part to pay for Eulora servers etc by paying for his character's food.

Suppose B makes an account. B's character will also have to eat. B is experienced, so he deposits 1 BTC and goes mining. He buys the smallest implements available, works at it for two months, at the end of which he's lost half his original BTC but has some pretty decent skills and a good understanding of what's what. So in another two weeks he manages to mine profitably, covers his hole and increases his stake to 2.5 BTC (not to mention the value of the skills, which YES will also be tradeable).

Now the resources pool is 1.5 BTC poorer, and on top of that B has done his part to pay for Eulora servers etc by ALSO paying for his character's food.

Basically, food will act as a rake. Unrelated to the actual risk/reward of the various game activities.

What is the correlation between player subscription, valuation, and resources pumped into Eulora-verse?

Non-inflationary resources (or at least fixed inflation resources), fed into the planet makes for an economy based on the extraction and construction of goods from those limited resources. I figured if Eulora-verse is valued at 50-60 BTC at launch and grows to 250BTC some time later, the resources available for the world to evolve technologically would follow suit. I guess this is the confusing part for me: how these variables in construction/resource mechanics correlate to what subscribing players pay into the world.

Star Wars Galaxies took this approach of predisposed progress, and it worked in the way you've theorized. The only problem was redditards (although there was no reddit back then), convinced the management to institutionalize socialism in the universe amounting to an inflation in resources to be extracted. This ultimately creates inflation in the economy. As I told MPOE a few years ago, this inflation phenomenon occurred in FFXI due to non-fixed supply (theoretical infinite supply which Gavin proposes introducing to Bitcoin), and the result was a skyrocket in prices everywhere. The free market mechanic always works in terms of price discovery of items, this is one thing FFXI proved, but balancing the "distribution" of resources is more meaningful as it directly affects this process.

Resoruces are not fed by player subscription, that's separate.